b'1.CannabisCannabis research has exploded in the past five to ten years, both in terms of quantity and therapeutic application. Supporting this rapid expansion are evolving regulations, including the legalization of cannabis across Canada, and state-by-state legalization in the U.S.A. The clinical research landscape is booming, with over 1,000 studies involving cannabis currently active in the clinicaltrials.gov database as of this writing, in areas ranging from pain management to gastrointestinal disorders, multiple sclerosis, psychiatric disorders, and dysmenorrhea, to name a few.There are currently two directions that cannabis research typically takes: clinical trialsrelatedtotherapeuticuse,wherecannabidiolorotheranalytesmay demonstrate a therapeutic applicability; and studies on the impact of cannabis use in a recreational setting (human abuse potential, driving, or other impairment, etc.). Whatever the approach, the knowledge base and therapeutic applications in the field of cannabis research, not to mention production, development, and delivery, are growing exponentially. Currently approved THC-related therapies in the US and Canada include Marinol, Cesamet and Syndros, indicated for antiemesis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapyandappetiteenhancementinHIVpatients,aswellasSativex, indicated for the symptomatic relief of spasticity in adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently the cannabidiol based therapy Epidiolex was approved for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) or Dravet syndrome in patients 2 years of age and older. 2.Gene TherapyGene therapy is another growing field where new technology and an increasing understanding of the science are bringing advancements. Gene therapy is currently considered for diseases, often rare, that have no other cures. 1,2Researchers are testing several approaches to gene therapy, including:Replacing a mutated gene that causes disease with a healthy copy of the gene. 1,2Inactivating, or knocking out, a mutated gene that is functioning improperly. 1,2Introducing a new gene into the body to help fight a diseaseusing a vector .1,2'